Outputs of Nadler-Tushman Model Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Outputs of Nadler-Tushman Model - Research Paper Example The research paper "Outputs of Nadler-Tushman Model" overviews the various outputs of organizations and the ways in which they interact cohesively, in an endeavor to realize the firms’ set objectives. The outputs of an organization fall under three key categories. These include the individual, group and organizational stages. Nadler-Tushman’s theory highlights the process in which various firms acquire and utilize inputs into various outputs. This is usually through a transformation process that serves as an intermediary between inputs and outputs. Besides, the outputs may also fall under the classifications of the work, the people, and the official and informal organizations. In addition, various firms may measure their output, and assess whether the firm is performing and achieving its set goals. As such, the firm knows its economic position and makes resolutions whether to implement change in various non-performing departments. Outputs may also pertain to the mode in which a firm creates products and services, and the efficiency of a firm’s productivity, in their endeavor to accrue revenue. According to Nadler and Tushman, all inputs ought to be applied cohesively, in order for them to change into outputs. Various factors may affect the output of an organization at the individual level. These may include the non-commitment of various individuals within the firm. For example, some individuals may feel unmotivated, and thereby behave in a way that drastically affects the performance and effectiveness of a firm. (Burke, 2010). This is usually through tardiness, non-attendance, among others that lead to low production output of the firm (Stonehouse & Campbell, 2004). As a result, firms ought to mull over ways that inspire workers, in an attempt to boost their ultimate performance. Besides, some non-performing employees ought to be laid aside, whereas the performing employees ought to receive recognition, in order to enhance their efficiency and productivity. Besides, interactions among diverse groups within a firm have a significant effect on the firm’s objective attainment (Stonehouse & Campbell, 2004). Various firms have experienced intergroup conflicts that have led to severe losses within the organizations (Burke, 2010). This might have resulted from uneven distribution of resources within the firm, and failure of management to recognize the performing departments within the organ

Flight Commander Sda Essay Example for Free

Flight Commander Sda Essay A. 1. 2. Interview any leader on the subject of â€Å"taking charge.† Report what u have learned from the interview in the SDA report and in a 3-5 minute speech to cadets in your unit. See attachment one. I made my oral briefing to the Cyberpatriot team on the 19 of September 2013. Major Staple observed. B. 1. List five common uniform discrepancies and explain what the correct standard actually is. Reference the appropriate CAP regulation and paragraph. During many inspections I have noticed that cadet will space their insignia incorrectly. Even though in CAPM 39-1 it states that insignia is to be worn centered, 1inch from the bottom of the collar an parallel. Cadets that attend encampments tend to wear their wing patches lower than CAPM 39-1 one states. In CAPM 39-1 is says that the wing patch is to be worn 1/2inch and centered below the shoulder seam. 2. 3. At special activities I notice cadets wearing Model Rocketry Patches on their BDUs. The cadets I have noticed wear them on the left breast pocket, but that is incorrect. The model rocketry patch is not a specialty an is to be worn on the right breast pocket. 4. During encampment I had noticed during inspection that some cadets had their squadron patches placed wrong on the right breast pocket. Any patches placed on the breast pockets are to be worn completely centered on all sides if they are correct with CAPM 39-1. 5. During encampment staff selections I noticed that some cadets were wearing a silver star on their Goddard ribbon. I also knew this cadet had not been to a COS but had attended a RCLS. Although he did attend the RCLS, you must attend a COS in order to wear the star. Part B: Narrative 1. What are the essential duties of the flight commander? The flight commander is there to direct their flight in things such as: CAP uniform, military courtesy and discipline, drill, ceremonies and formations. They also need to be aware of their flight members testing, and any other situations that may appear with his/her flight. CAPP 52-14 is also something that flight commanders should understand and be up to date with. 2. How does the flight commander help the squadron fulfill its mission? Flight Commanders are training the future leaders of the squadron. The flight commander is there to help an encourage all the cadets in their flight, whether it be in drill, uniform, or studying for a test. Flight commanders are what builds the squadron with out the flight commanders the squadron would be unable to thrive. 3. How do flight commanders affect cadets or the overall cadet program? Flight commanders are one of the main things that a new cadet encounters, the others are flight sergeant an other basics. If a cadet has an understanding an personal flight commander the cadet may be more willing to listen to the person (flight commander) that they just met. Overall without the flight commanders the cadet program would have no one to educate cadets on the way of cadet life. 4. What leadership skills do flight commanders need most to succeed? Leadership skills are a very important part of being a flight commander, without leadership there is no way to truly fulfill the needs of a flight commander. A flight commander needs to be able to understand an communicate with his/her cadets in order to teach them. The flight commander also needs to know when to delegate or be the one to take charge, if he/she doesnt delegate then there is no true need for the flight sergeant.

The Eight Basic Types of Runs Essay -- sport, runner, forefoot, injury,

Running is one of the many sports that do not get enough attention that it rightfully deserves. What is so special about it anyway, all people do in this sport is either run various distances in different terrains or in endless circles on a track. But, it is so much than that there is so much preparation and technique that goes into running. It’s the same as a football player spending hours studying multiple plays; or a volleyball player tirelessly redoing a spike to get just the right impact time. The same goes for a runner so much preparation goes into the sport mentally and physically. Injuries are quite frequent in running so there are various methods to help runners heal in the quickest way possible. When the simple methods don’t work to heal injuries there are different medical instruments used to find out where the source of pain is coming from. The way a runner’s foot lands on the ground also causes effects to a runner’s body. People think it is as simple as getting out of their bed to be able to run competitively but even the way they run is even requires enormous amounts of intense consideration. With all these examples in mind along comes a multitude of variations in which rung can be executed. Logically people would want to use the most efficient method to produce the fastest times when running. This would benefit all types of runners from beginners all the way to the seasoned pros. Every year 65% to 80% of all runners will suffer an injury (McDougal). How do so many people suffer injuries and are still able to run? There are various remedies to help cure all kinds of different injures from ankle rolls to shin splints. One common and universal remedy is R.I.C.E (rest, ice, compression, elevation) (WebMD). R.... ...The 8 Basic Types of Runs." Competitor Running. N.p., 21 Aug. 2013. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. Contresible, B. "The Biological Evolution of Pain." The Biological Evolution of Pain. N.p., 2007. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. "Foot Anatomy 101." Born to Run. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. Gould, Todd A., and Molly Edmonds. "How MRI Works." HowStuffWorks. Discovery, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. Hahn, Jane U. "The Perfect Form." Runner's World & Running Times. Runner's World, 16 June 2005. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. Larson, Peter. "Facts on Foot Strike." Runner's World & Running Times. Running Times, 17 May 2012. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. "Muscles of the Knee (Cross-section View)." InnerBody. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. "Runner's Knee: Symptoms, Pain, Causes, and Treatment." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. "What Is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?" WebMD. WebMD, 03 Jan. 2010. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. The Eight Basic Types of Runs Essay -- sport, runner, forefoot, injury, Running is one of the many sports that do not get enough attention that it rightfully deserves. What is so special about it anyway, all people do in this sport is either run various distances in different terrains or in endless circles on a track. But, it is so much than that there is so much preparation and technique that goes into running. It’s the same as a football player spending hours studying multiple plays; or a volleyball player tirelessly redoing a spike to get just the right impact time. The same goes for a runner so much preparation goes into the sport mentally and physically. Injuries are quite frequent in running so there are various methods to help runners heal in the quickest way possible. When the simple methods don’t work to heal injuries there are different medical instruments used to find out where the source of pain is coming from. The way a runner’s foot lands on the ground also causes effects to a runner’s body. People think it is as simple as getting out of their bed to be able to run competitively but even the way they run is even requires enormous amounts of intense consideration. With all these examples in mind along comes a multitude of variations in which rung can be executed. Logically people would want to use the most efficient method to produce the fastest times when running. This would benefit all types of runners from beginners all the way to the seasoned pros. Every year 65% to 80% of all runners will suffer an injury (McDougal). How do so many people suffer injuries and are still able to run? There are various remedies to help cure all kinds of different injures from ankle rolls to shin splints. One common and universal remedy is R.I.C.E (rest, ice, compression, elevation) (WebMD). R.... ...The 8 Basic Types of Runs." Competitor Running. N.p., 21 Aug. 2013. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. Contresible, B. "The Biological Evolution of Pain." The Biological Evolution of Pain. N.p., 2007. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. "Foot Anatomy 101." Born to Run. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. Gould, Todd A., and Molly Edmonds. "How MRI Works." HowStuffWorks. Discovery, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. Hahn, Jane U. "The Perfect Form." Runner's World & Running Times. Runner's World, 16 June 2005. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. Larson, Peter. "Facts on Foot Strike." Runner's World & Running Times. Running Times, 17 May 2012. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. "Muscles of the Knee (Cross-section View)." InnerBody. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. "Runner's Knee: Symptoms, Pain, Causes, and Treatment." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. "What Is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?" WebMD. WebMD, 03 Jan. 2010. Web. 17 Oct. 2013.

Modern Tibet :: History Tibet China Essays

Modern Tibet Tibet was and is still termed by many as one of the most beautiful and culturally unique places in the world known to man. I don’t have a flashy quote to start because I will be talking about a very bitter sweet aspect of China’s invasion of Tibet in my paper: the economic impact on modern Tibet, and I hope that by the end of my endeavor, the reader will realize that it is sweeter than a lot of people think it is. The economic benefits of the Chinese invasion were the only good thing that came out of the bloody ‘emancipation’ of Tibet in 1950: it’s not perfect, because nothing ever is; it’s not even comparable in any way to pre-invasion Tibet, but I will show that the economic situation in Tibet now, is the need of the day and the good by far outweighs the bad. It is imperative for the analysis of the topic to first shed some light on the economic conditions prevailing in Tibet prior to the Chinese invasion. One really interesting thing to note after reading Heinrich Harrer’s Seven years in Tibet and John F. Avedon’s In Exile from the Land of Snows is that both these writers give a somewhat incomplete picture of the economic situation in pre-invasion Tibet. At times, they have touched on the occupations of various people, the way of life in small villages as well as in the ‘forbidden city’, Lhasa, but they have more or less stayed away from any description of the economic structure at that time. After doing some research, a clearer picture appeared and the reality is rather striking. Since a large portion of Tibet was geographically unsuitable for any kind of use to humans, the economy was agro centric and primitive. There were basically three types of landowners in Tibet: namely the administrative class, the nobl es and the monasteries. In a country where religion was the blind driving force behind everything, it wasn’t astonishing to note that the landowners comprised only five percent of the total population and the rest were serfs, slaves or just vagabonds. There was even a class of serfs called Nangzam, who were solely meant to be sold and auctioned at will of the owner and even gifted to people on important occasions [9]. At least in Lhasa, one of the chief aspects of the economy was that a huge chunk of a physically capable population was earning its daily bread by begging on the streets in front of monasteries and other places of pilgrimage. Modern Tibet :: History Tibet China Essays Modern Tibet Tibet was and is still termed by many as one of the most beautiful and culturally unique places in the world known to man. I don’t have a flashy quote to start because I will be talking about a very bitter sweet aspect of China’s invasion of Tibet in my paper: the economic impact on modern Tibet, and I hope that by the end of my endeavor, the reader will realize that it is sweeter than a lot of people think it is. The economic benefits of the Chinese invasion were the only good thing that came out of the bloody ‘emancipation’ of Tibet in 1950: it’s not perfect, because nothing ever is; it’s not even comparable in any way to pre-invasion Tibet, but I will show that the economic situation in Tibet now, is the need of the day and the good by far outweighs the bad. It is imperative for the analysis of the topic to first shed some light on the economic conditions prevailing in Tibet prior to the Chinese invasion. One really interesting thing to note after reading Heinrich Harrer’s Seven years in Tibet and John F. Avedon’s In Exile from the Land of Snows is that both these writers give a somewhat incomplete picture of the economic situation in pre-invasion Tibet. At times, they have touched on the occupations of various people, the way of life in small villages as well as in the ‘forbidden city’, Lhasa, but they have more or less stayed away from any description of the economic structure at that time. After doing some research, a clearer picture appeared and the reality is rather striking. Since a large portion of Tibet was geographically unsuitable for any kind of use to humans, the economy was agro centric and primitive. There were basically three types of landowners in Tibet: namely the administrative class, the nobl es and the monasteries. In a country where religion was the blind driving force behind everything, it wasn’t astonishing to note that the landowners comprised only five percent of the total population and the rest were serfs, slaves or just vagabonds. There was even a class of serfs called Nangzam, who were solely meant to be sold and auctioned at will of the owner and even gifted to people on important occasions [9]. At least in Lhasa, one of the chief aspects of the economy was that a huge chunk of a physically capable population was earning its daily bread by begging on the streets in front of monasteries and other places of pilgrimage.

Culture and Disease Essay

Malaria is one of the diseases that are responsible for the highest mortality and morbidity rates in Africa especially among children (World Bank, 2009). In fact, it is one of the greatest public health concerns in Africa and most of the health programs are aimed at prevention and treatment of the disease (World Bank, 2009). This disease is common among Africans compared to other ethnic groups due to economic, cultural, economic and social factors. In a bid to fight this scourge, Africans have been using several methods to control the spread of malaria and the methods have included both the modern and traditional approaches. Malaria is an infectious disease which is usually caused by a parasite that is known as plasmodium. These parasites are protozoan in nature and they are of several species which include Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium vivax (Sherman, 1998). Among these species, the most serious and fatal species to human beings is P. falciparum. The plasmodium is transmitted to humans by the female anopheles mosquitoes and its lifecycle involves two hosts which are the human host and a mosquito vector (Sherman, 1998). In the lifecycle of the plasmodium it forms sporozoites which are found in the gut of the female mosquito (Russel & Wolfe, 2008). The female mosquito transmits the sporozoites to human beings through a bite. These sporozoites move into the human liver where they enter the liver cells and mature into a schizont which contains numerous merozoites (Russel & Wolfe, 2008). These merozoites are released into bloodstream where they invade the red cells thereby forming schizonts with numerous merozoites. These are released from the red blood cells into bloodstream where they invade more red cells. As the red cells are bursting to release the merozoites, toxic compounds are released which causes the fever and the clinical symptoms that are associated with malaria (Russel & Wolfe, 2008). In the bloodstream, some of the merozoites differentiate into the male and female gametes which are taken up by the mosquito from the infected person and these two fertilize each other in the gut of the mosquito and they develop into sporozoites (Russel & Wolfe, 2008). These are transmitted to another human being through a bite by the mosquito. Though the principal mode of malaria transmission is by mosquito bites, there are other methods that can transmit the malarial parasite. One of these is blood transfusion following existence of dormant plasmodium parasites in the donor’s blood. This can make the transfused person to suffer from a febrile illness and for these reasons in areas where malaria is endemic a full course of chloroquine is administered to potential recipients of blood (Kakkilaya, 2006). Another mode of transmission is transmission from mother to child among pregnant women. These parasites pass to the child through the placenta especially if the mother has no immunity (Kakkilaya, 2006). The last mode of transmission is through needle stick injury which can be either accidental as happens among healthcare providers or intentional as happens among drug addicts who share needles (Kakkilaya, 2006). There are several factors that make Africans vulnerable to malaria and one of these are the environmental factors which contribute to spread of the disease. To begin with, malaria is a climate related disease where it is mostly found in the tropic and subtropic regions. The climate in Africa particularly the annual mean temperature is mostly within the tolerance limit of the plasmodium species and this makes the parasite to thrive thus rendering the populations living in this area vulnerable (Leary, 2008). Another environmental factor is weather disturbances in Africa which influences the breeding sites of the vectors thereby increasing the transmission potential of malaria (Leary, 2008). These weather disturbances occur in the form of prolonged droughts and heavy rains. There are several social and cultural factors that make Africans vulnerable to malaria disease. One of these is increased human population in Africa and this has led to swamp reclamation and deforestation in a bid to find more land for settlement. The effect of these activities has been the creation of puddles which provides good breeding sites for the mosquitoes which in turn transmit malaria (Leary, 2008). When the vegetation is removed, what happens is that the temperatures increase and this aids in malaria transmission. Another factor is self medication where many people in Africa buy drugs over the counter and treat themselves at home (Leary, 2008). This has led to development of drug resistant strains of plasmodium necessitating continuous replacement of anti-malarial drugs. This has made the populations in Africa susceptible to the disease since instead of dealing with the problem the populations create more problems by creating drug resistant strains of plasmodium. In addition, many people treat themselves with anti-malarial drugs that have already been ruled as ineffective thereby putting themselves at risk of developing serious and complicated malaria (Leary, 2008). Another factor is lack of knowledge on the disease among both the communities and the public health officials. A study done in 2004 showed that in East Africa people are required by the Public Health Act to clear the bushes around their houses as a way of preventing the spread of yellow fever yet studies have shown that clearing of bushes creates favorable breeding conditions for malaria (Leary, 2008). This increases the vulnerability of Africans to malaria disease since effective measures are not taken to prevent spread of malaria. Economic factors also increase the vulnerability of Africans to malaria. Poverty levels in Africa are high which means that there are inadequate economic resources to invest in healthcare thereby making people vulnerable to malaria epidemics. Most of the populations here live below a dollar a day and also cases of food shortages are very common which makes obtaining food rather than malaria prevention a priority (Leary, 2008). These economic hardships also make it difficult for populations to seek good healthcare services. Most just go to the private clinics or to the local dispensaries most of which have no equipment for diagnosis thus resulting in inappropriate prescriptions (Leary, 2008). In addition, some of the medical staff found in these healthcare facilities are not qualified. The reason as to why most of the people prefer the local dispensaries is cost constraints where they cannot afford motorized transport and thus prefer to use cheap means of transport such as bicycles (Leary, 2008). Myths and cultural beliefs also make Africans vulnerable to malaria. This is particularly with regard to the cause and prevention of malaria. Some people believe that malaria is caused by witchcraft or supernatural forces and a good example is Uganda where the populations here associate convulsions which are a form of malarial complication with supernatural forces (Leary, 2008). This really makes the populations vulnerable to malaria since they cannot take measures to prevent malaria. In addition, due to such beliefs, people who have malaria are not treated with conventional medicine which is more effective but are treated using traditional medicine which is not that effective. This makes the populations susceptible to malaria epidemics since the problem is not being addressed thereby ensuring the spread of the disease and increasing mortality rates. Other people associate malaria with certain foods and a good example is populations in Tanzania who believe that malaria is due to consumption of maize meal (Leary, 2008). This belief results from the fact that maize meals in Tanzania are commonly consumed in times of food shortages which occur following too much or too little rainfall (Leary, 2008). These climatic conditions are also associated with increased cases of malaria. However, the populations associate malaria with the food they commonly eat at that time and therefore they do not eat maize meals as a way of fighting malaria (Leary, 2008). This only serves to make them more vulnerable to malaria. There are several methods that are used to control the spread of malaria. Some of these methods are aimed at lowering exposure to infectious mosquito bites and these include indoor spraying using insecticides, use of bed nets that are insecticide treated, and use of repellants (Falola & Heaton, 2007). Insecticides are used to reduce the number of adult mosquitoes while materials such as repellants repel mosquitoes away from an individual thereby curbing the spread of the disease. Another method involves treatment of the disease using drugs. Though drug resistance has been a great problem in fighting malaria, drugs have proven to be effective in suppressing the parasite within the host thus preventing further spread of the disease (Falola & Heaton, 2007). Other treatment methods involve interfering with the breeding sites of mosquitoes and these include draining of stagnant water and spraying of breeding sites with insecticides. Apart from these methods of preventing the spread of malaria, the African population has its alternative methods of dealing with malaria. One of these involves use of traditional medicine. Traditional healers in Africa diagnose and treat malaria using indigenous roots, herbs, and leaves which are usually prepared and taken orally (Maslove et al. , 2009). This acts as a barrier to the fight against malaria since their diagnosis is based merely on symptoms and not diagnostic evidence which may lead to improper treatment thus further spread of malaria due to delayed treatment (Maslove et al. , 2009). Traditionally, Africans have relied on good sanitation practices such as proper disposal of garbage and draining of swamps as a way of preventing malaria and up to date their method remains effective and aids the fight against malaria (Falola & Heaton, 2007). However, this approach ignores mosquitoes as the vectors involved in the spread of malaria thereby hampering the fight against malaria (Falola & Heaton, 2007). Though Africans have taken steps to address malaria, a lot still remains to be done. There is a great need for education on the causes of malaria as by understanding the causes of malaria preventive and treatment strategies can be effectively implemented. There is also the need to educate the African traditional healers on malaria so that they can use better approaches in the treatment of malaria. References Falola, T. & Heaton, M. M. (2007). HIV/AIDS, illness and African well-being. New York, NY: Rochester Press. Kakkilaya, B. S. (2006). Transmission of malaria. Retrieved 23 August, 2010 from http://www. malariasite. com/malaria/Transmission. htm Leary, N. (2008). Climate change and vulnerability. USA: Earthscan. Maslove et al. (2009). Barriers to the effective treatment and prevention of malaria in Africa: A systematic review of qualitative studies. BMC International Human Rights, 9(29), 2321- 2337. Russel, P. J. & Wolfe, S. L. (2008). Biology volume 2: The dynamic science, volume 2. Belmont, CA: Thomson Publishers. Sherman, I. W. (1998). Malaria: Parasite biology, pathogenesis, and protection. Washington, DC: ASM Press. World bank. (2009). Intensifying the fight against malaria: The world bank’s booster program for malaria control in Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Description paper plaza de mayor in madrid spain essays

Description paper plaza de mayor in madrid spain essays I was wondering down the narrow maze of cobblestone streets in the beautiful city of Madrid. Every street lined with tall vibrant colored building with architecture that was breath deifying. With no destination in mind I found myself in the most enchanting place in Madrid the Plaza De Mayor. The Plaza looked like it was out of medieval movie where everything was perfect. Everyone had a smile, the weather without a cloud, and the band was incredible. You felt like you were at a medieval ball where all the uncertainties of the world were put on hold. There was the prettiest little girl with a big blue ribbon purposefully tied in here hair, and this petite royal blue dress on, that when her father swung her around in circles her dress seemed to puff out like a parachute. The thing that was most captivating about the two of them was their smiles that stretched from ear to ear and if their smiles did not have limits they seemed they could have gone on forever. People came to the plaza to relax and forget about all the irritation and frustration of life. It was a place to be content and that is why you saw everyone wearing that same spirited and joyful smile that the little girl and her father were wearing on their faces. Spirit and joy made the plaza light up in the most beautiful of colors. The most beautiful colors were painted on the north building of the plaza. A mural painted depicted the emotion and free loving spirits of the plaza. Brilliant colors ranged from a red that resembled blistering hot lava, to a purple which looked to be soft to touch, to a green from the fields of the countryside. More colors overflowed over the backdrop of the mural in a non-intentional pattern, which gave the mural a whimsical feel. The most engaging part of the mural was the unclothed people with animal bodies which gave the viewer a fairytale feeling as if he was in Disneys Fantasia. This allusion of the mural constantly preserved the spir...

Eve of Distruction essays

Eve of Distruction essays The song Eve of Distruction by Barry McGuire is from the time of the Vietnam War. There is a lot of controversy over this war. It discusses how people felt about the war integration, and the demonstrations of that time. Most of the younger people thought that America shouldnt get involved in the Vietnam War. This was cause for controversy. The song says, You're old enough to kill but not for votin' you don't believe in war but what's that gun you're totin'. The people over there fighting arent even old enough to vote. They might even be protesting the war but if they get drafted then they had to fight. The lyrics also mention the Selma, Alabama incident. Theres so much protest in the Civil Rights movement that it seems like the few people in the senate who are trying to get legislation passed wont be able too. Handful of senators don't pass legislation And marches alone can't bring integration, it seems hopeless. It also makes reference to the hate in China but some didnt see the hate that was occurring in the U.S. And think of all the hate there is in Red China Then take a look around to Selma, Alabama Ah you may leave here for four days in space But when you return it's the same old place This song represents the time period because it speaks of the Vietnam War, and the Civil Rights Movement. The social aspect is that young people, for the most part, didnt want to fight in the war but if drafted still had to fight. It also reflects the music of that time because it tells how some people felt. A lot of music of the time did that. The Barry McGuire song Eve of Distruction represents the way some people felt about war and the Civil Rights Movement. It is a good example to show some things that were going on in 1965. ...

The Argument on the Specific Roles of Language, Knowledge, and Ideology

The Argument on the Specific Roles of Language, Knowledge, and Ideology The connection between ideology, reason, knowledge, and language is discussed by many researchers because of the necessity to look at the role of relations between knowledge and language as the specific social power. These relations are discussed by Gary Peller within the social context, and the author states that knowledge, truth, objectivity, and reason can be considered as the victory in relation to the specific way of representing the world because people discuss these aspects as the truth without any interpretation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Argument on the Specific Roles of Language, Knowledge, and Ideology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This approach means the power of the tools used to represent the world as the absolute truth. To understand that this absence of interpretation is the result of using ideological tools and language and that culture and politics are closely connected with language an d knowledge, it is necessary to refer to the works by Louis Althusser, Robert Ardrey, Kenneth Burke, Jeanne Gunner, and Doug Sweet. Focusing on Peller’s idea, it is possible to note that people refer to truth, knowledge, and reason without interpretation because of the cultural and ideological impacts. Thus, Althusser pays much attention to the role of ideologies for forming the opinion or possible interpretation, and he states that the school, church, and army can teach ‘know-how’, â€Å"but in forms which ensure subjection to the ruling ideology or the mastery of its ‘practice’† (Althusser par. 23). To add more vividness to the stated idea, Althusser continues that â€Å"Schools and Churches use suitable methods of punishment, expulsion, selection, etc., to ‘discipline’ not only their shepherds, but also their flocks† (Althusser par. 38). Focusing on Althusser’s statements, it is possible to state that knowledge an d objectivity mentioned by Peller are only the perceptions formed with references to the ruling ideology, and this is the victory of the approach because people become forced to perceive the reality ‘objectively’. The victory of the particular way to see the world associated with the notions of truth, knowledge, and reason depends on the large cultural and ideological lens, as it is stated by Gunner and Sweet. The success of such perceptions is based on the simple idea proclaimed by the authors that â€Å"the language we use shapes the stories we tell† (Gunner and Sweet 165). In the next sentences, Gunner and Sweet provide the explanation to their simple and effective idea while stating that the process is ideological, and â€Å"by using language, we are automatically applying a particular lens that tells us how to see events, how to understand and judge them. Our view of our lives and the world at large is thus mediated by language† (Gunner and Sweet 165) . From this point, the representation of the world can be discussed as true because of the people’s reliance on lens and language shaped by ideology. Gunner and Sweet also state that the language style â€Å"is not separate from ideas† (Gunner and Sweet 180). Thus, language, knowledge, and ideology are closely connected, as it was stated earlier.Advertising Looking for essay on languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If Gunner and Sweet discuss the ideology as the specific lens to speak about the world and reality, Burke uses the idea of a color filter used in photography. Thus, Burke states that a photograph can reveal differences in form and texture, â€Å"depending upon which color filter was used for the documentary description of the event being recorded† (Burke 45). This metaphor can be discussed as rather successful to represent the role of terms as filters for telling the story in orde r to guarantee its interpretation as the true one. Referring to the role of language and terms, Burke states that â€Å"the terms direct the attention to one field rather than to another†, thus, our observations of the world and reality are directly dependent on â€Å"our particular choice of terms† (Burke 46). Thus, any terms necessarily â€Å"constitute a corresponding kind of screen† (Burke 50). While discussing the Peller’s statement, it is important to refer to Burke’s vision of the ‘screens’ made by terms because these screens, as well as Gunner and Sweet’s lens, make people perceive the stories told in relation to the history, economy, and social development as the truth because the victory is in using the effective linguistic tools. This approach is rational. To look at the question from the other perspective, it is necessary to refer to Ardrey’s idea of anti-rational power used in the society. Thus, Ardrey claims that â€Å"conscience in human society becomes an essentially anti-rational power†, however, â€Å"conscience must exist in one form only, my own† (Ardrey 351). This statement supports the idea that ideology, knowledge, and reason work because they are widely accepted and function as people’s own perceptions and interpretations. That is why, having examined the works by Louis Althusser, Robert Ardrey, Kenneth Burke, Jeanne Gunner, and Doug Sweet, it is possible to note that the authors’ arguments support the idea developed by Peller who is inclined to focus on the correlation between knowledge, reason, truth, and language as the important forces in the society. The key to the victory is in the specific way of representing the world, and linguistic tools provide people with the opportunity to guarantee the expected perception of the reason, knowledge, and truth. Althusser, Louis. Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses. n.d. Web. https://www.marxists. org/reference/archive/althusser/1970/ideology.htm.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Argument on the Specific Roles of Language, Knowledge, and Ideology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ardrey, Robert. African Genesis: A Personal Investigation Into the Animal Origins and Nature of Man. USA: McGill-Queens Press MQUP, 1963. Print. Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. USA: University of California Press, 1966. Print. Gunner, Jeanne, and Doug Sweet. Grounds for Writers: Critical Perspectives for Reading. USA: Longman Publishing Group, 2007. Print.

Finance 3000 5day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Finance 3000 5day - Essay Example This dissertation explores the various strategies, quality measurement methods, risk analysis, and quantitative methods used by investment managers. A comprehensive definition of hedge funds is also contained herein. Thereafter is a description of how they managers implement various strategies to gain profits, recover losses, avoid losses, as well as maintain an inflow of income. This dissertation also details various risk functions and how they are used to ensure that to predict the market’s reaction as well as results after certain possible events. Defining Hedge Funds A hedge fund is a privately owned and managed investment (Goldberg & Korajcsyk, 2010). Such a fund would invest in a wide range of elements. This would include various strategies, markets, and investment methods. Hedge funds provide the investor a means by which he/she can comfortably navigate market rules. However, the fund is not autonomous. The fund manager has to follow specific rules set aside for hedge f unds. Each country has specific rules that govern the hedge fund systems (Alexander, 2008). Hedge funds have a particularly characteristic of being open-ended. The investor has room to add to the investment or withdraw all together. This is unlike other custom funds that only allow specific times for addition and withdrawal (Chavas, 2004). Other funds also have specific categories within which they allow certain amounts of withdrawal or addition. The calculation of a hedge fund value involves the use of the asset value. Each fund has a specific net value. This value helps determine the share value of the fund. Hedge funds are like mutual funds for the rich. This is because for one to participate in hedge fund, the investor needs to meet certain requirements. They need to have a particular experience in investment and have to have certain net value. This locks out the commoner from engaging in hedge funds. Hedge funds are playground for sophisticated investors. Hedging is an investme nt method that reduces the risk while increasing return on investment. However, this is part truth. Modern day hedging makes use of several other strategies. Such strategies include aggressive growth, funds of funds, and market timing (Alexander, 2008a). There are many more strategies employed by hedge fund managers. One thing that is common among all hedge funds is specialization. Each hedge fund manager has his or her strength and weakness (Agarwal & Naik, 2005). It is obvious that one would have to rely mainly on their own strength. This means that a manager would apply his or her own expertise in managing the fund. This results in the fund having special characteristics. The managers are very professional and deliver on their promises. They perform their duties exemplarily thus being awarded the opportunity to manage such large sums of money. Investment Strategies used by Hedge funds Hedge funds employ several strategies. One of the main strategies involves aggressive growth. In this strategy, the manager would find equities expected to grow aggressively, and he/she would invest in them (Lerner, 1995). Aggressive growth is with respect to earnings per share. The P.E ratios for such equities are often high while the dividend are meager or not present at all. Small cap stocks often experience rapid growth. This is because they are often specialized into banking, technology, or biotechnology. The means for hedging in such a strategy are by shorting equities with poor projections. This type of strategy is highly volatile and

Learning diaries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Learning diaries - Essay Example He advises that managers can use many strategies concurrently, but one can switch between the different hats as business progresses (Hargie, 2011, P. 15).The white hat strategy focuses on management’s decision centering on just the facts at the management’s disposal. Management wearing the white hat has to primarily and ultimately make decisions based on the facts at hand before making any decisions. The only considerations’ base is on proposals and data, and their presentation focuses only on neutrality and their presentation. Bono advises that although it is viable, the leader should not wear it for a long time as it only asks the questions of â€Å"what is the manager has, what is missing, what the manager would like to have and how to avail this extra information† (Hargie, 2011, P. 75). The yellow hat strategy asks management to base their decisions purely on how benefits can are attainable. Management in the yellow hat should not look for the cons in entering the particular business ideas. It focuses on just the positive side of things with pros filling the sheet of paper. The underlying factor in wearing the yellow hat suggests that the entrepreneur to assess the benefits of venturing into the idea, it focuses on the proposal at hand and assesses the positive assets available (Hargie, 2011, P. 765). The manager should then ask how this proposal should commence. Bono asserts that its viability is that every good business idea deserves the entrepreneur’s attention Yellow hat attire, but the profits are not always instantly (Hargie, 2011, P. 765). The black hat sends out a word of precaution. When wearing the white hat, one’s obligation focuses on cynicism and utter concentration on assessment. One has to carry out logical assessments, focusing on the attributed costs, the formulation, the feasibility and also the safety factor. Usually, this decision making hat reflects on why the proposals do not align with the facts at

The catcher in the rye Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The catcher in the rye - Research Paper Example After an emotive nosedive emphasized by Pencey Prep expulsion, Caulfield checks the Edmont Hotel and meanders the vicinities of Manhattan for 3 days. However, as Caulfield’s adventure progresses, he gradually begins bridging the gap between childhood innocence and the adulthood onset. The second last chapter of the novel follows Caulfield as a few significant occasions add to his advantage of personal closure concerning the loss of virtuousness between childhood and adulthood, a universal theme of the book. Caulfield’s walk on 5th Avenue at the beginning of the chapter signifies his many struggles related to his journey to adulthood throughout the book (Gohn 44). Caulfield literally aims at "catching" the children as they fall into adulthood. Caulfield, like any other teenager, stays scared of growing up. He understands that no one stands at the bottom of this metaphorical face with open arms to hold him as he tumbles, and that frightens him more than anything in his li fe. This fear of the cliff edge pushes Caulfield to walk on the streak between adulthood and childhood without committing to either flank, paralleling his sprints from one block to another (Sanford Pinsker 112). Additionally, Holden adheres to one of his only thoughts that he will ever find consoling for strength - his brother’s, (Allie) memory. As he runs, he "make[s] believes that he talks to his brother" (Salinger 257), and appreciates him when he crosses by the street securely. In a logic, Caulfield views Allie as his catcher on the bottom end of the cliff. He holds Allie's catcher's hand with him at every time, and it is apparent that Allie's death affected and infected him in an irreversible way that made it extremely hard for him to progress in his life. While he reflects to the past, Caulfield’s course of growing up turns out to be stunted. He calls out for Allie's memory to protect him from harms not only as he strolls along the streets in New York but when he rambles through his life. Without guides and uncertain, Caulfield never takes his time to cement precisely what he wants in life and consequently becomes trapped in the midpoint of adolescence. Convoying the discovery of smudged atrocities on his sister Phoebe's school, Caulfield begins to understand that individual’s loss of innocence remains` irresistible. He contemplates of how every child at the school could see the graffiti and, owing that he is young and innocent, he do not know what it implied. The thought drives him "near crazy" (Salinger 260). Caulfield discovers the fact that the communications written in school for children disturbing, wishing it could be possible that Phoebe with her friends could exist unpolluted by such rudimentary messages. In Caulfield’s views, young children like Phoebe signify everything that is pure and real about life, finding consolation in visiting Phoebe within earlier chapters. He despises the thought that their blamelessness w ill inevitably disappear one time. After seeing some more items of graffiti, Caulfield comments that "if you could get a million years of doing it in, you could not rub out even a half the "dirty" cryptograms in the world. It is practically impossible" (Salinger 262). Caulfield finally has his own epiphany - he understands that loss of innocence in children is unstoppable. Society is so corrupt for there to occur a utopian,

The Current Rise of Gang Related Homicides in South Los Angeles Essay - 2

The Current Rise of Gang Related Homicides in South Los Angeles - Essay Example The gang members were mostly at the age bracket of 16 years to 25 years. Seventy-three percent of gang members are in their school going age with 35 percent being school dropouts. Twelve percent had dropped out of school. The rate of homicide in Watt is relatively high in comparison to other areas of Los Angeles. There is an increase in the levels of homicides experienced in South LA from 18 in 2009, 21 in 2010, and 27 in 2011 (Street Gangs, 2014). One of the prominent features about these cases is that they occur along racial lines because the California state thrives in racial discrimination. Of the 10 cases reported in 2014, most of the victims of homicides were African-Americans. The main methods used in perpetrating these crimes include the use of guns and stabbing. The main reason for a high level of racial based homicides in South LA is that the gang members mostly belong to a particular race. The existence of such problems calls for policies that will curb the effects of drug trafficking and other hardcore crimes related to gang-related homicides. One such policy is an action that will prevent the children and the youth from joining the gangs, which ensures that the gangs fade away with time. This work explores the theoretical implementation approach of the policy by the California State Government. The youths and the children are of particular interest because the activities mostly affect them either directly or indirectly. Gang-related homicides bring along with them other issues, which are detrimental to the society. One such issue is the rise in school dropout related to the ability of gangs to attract college students who in most cases end up quitting their studies. A critical issue attached to gangs is a decline in general safety in the community. Rise in the levels of assaults, crimes and homicides perpetrated by gangs keep the community’s security at a vulnerable state. Gang activities limit freedom of

How to Avoid Injuries and Death in Motorsports Research Paper

How to Avoid Injuries and Death in Motorsports - Research Paper Example With this superior engine power and high speeds involved, motorsport is dangerous and involves freak accidents. As observed by Lipp et al. (2007), the high engine power of these engines makes them attain extremely high speeds with speeds as high as 369.9 km/h having been recorded in previous events. This makes the probability and severity of accidents extremely high. In fact, it is riskier than other sports such as football, boxing, rugby and the others. In spite of this risk, Gilbert (2014) observes that it is an addictive sport such that once started, drivers never quit no matter how many times they get involved in accidents. Therefore, this calls for detailed measures to make the sport safer for all the participants. motorsport  is all about speed. Engines are designed to produce over 8,000 horsepower, making the vehicles attain speeds of over 300 mph within a short period of time (Gilbert, 2014). As technology towards manufacturing more powerful and faster vehicles is adopted, a more innovative effort is also geared towards promoting the safety of the participants. As a result, there has been a significant achievement on motorsports safety technology over the past couple of decades. The technologies involved have been geared towards minimizing the likelihood of drivers suffering serious injuries due to a crash (Foster, Begemean & Melvin, 2011). As such, motorsports safety has sought to act directly on the driver to reduce the impact of the crash and control the crash energies that the vehicles develop. With this regard, technology has focused on four key areas. The first area is the neck and head support technology. It would be appreciated that motorsports involve high speeds and restraint on the driver. According to Foster et al. (2011), this risks basilar skull fracture on the driver due to the immense tension forces that build up in the neck as a result of the head whipping forward against the restrained torso when a frontal impact occurs. Thus, the technology to make drivers safe in such a scenario has focused on developing proper neck and head restraints.  

Early Childhood Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Early Childhood Education - Research Paper Example Learning a second language improves the knowledge and awareness of the child. The similarities and differences between the pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the languages would help him to understand the sounds, the words, and the rules for constructing a sentence in the most standard way. Moreover, researchers have proved that learning a new language bring several other qualities in children. It would build the foreign language comprehension and speech of children and would also improve the English verbal and listening skills. Early language study has much to do with the student’s higher performance in basic skills. New language learning also would strengthen the math and analytical skills of children. Moreover, learning foreign language would increase the exposure of the children to new cultures and different backgrounds and shall raise the self esteem of children. Learning Additional Language in Schools Coming to the case of learning languages, experts are of the opi nion that learning should start from schools and colleges. It is always not practical to teach adults as they may not have sufficient time and mentality to learn a new language. Learning a language is completely different from learning other matters. Surveys and research has come up with the conclusion that children are better learners as far as language learning is concerned. Governments (in most EU countries) are insisting to start the language class at schools and colleges so that children when they become adult citizens would be able to use it properly. Citizens who speak more than one language are really an asset to the nation. So parents and educational institutions are interested in adding a foreign... As the discussion declares learning a second language improves the knowledge and awareness of the child. The similarities and differences between the pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the languages would help him to understand the sounds, the words, and the rules for constructing a sentence in the most standard way. Moreover, researchers have proved that learning a new language bring several other qualities in children. It would build the foreign language comprehension and speech of children and would also improve the English verbal and listening skills. Early language study has much to do with the student’s higher performance in basic skills. New language learning also would strengthen the math and analytical skills of children. Moreover, learning foreign language would increase the exposure of the children to new cultures and different backgrounds and shall raise the self esteem of children.According to the report findings  learning a language is completely differen t from learning other matters. Surveys and research has come up with the conclusion that children are better learners as far as language learning is concerned.  Language teachings can a part of the curriculum or it can be a part of extracurricular activity in the school syllabi. Learning must start from the lower class itself as it would take few years to learn a language.  Native people will have difficulty in accessing such people and may have communication problems when dealing in such areas.

The Current Rise of Gang Related Homicides in South Los Angeles Essay - 2

The Current Rise of Gang Related Homicides in South Los Angeles - Essay Example The gang members were mostly at the age bracket of 16 years to 25 years. Seventy-three percent of gang members are in their school going age with 35 percent being school dropouts. Twelve percent had dropped out of school. The rate of homicide in Watt is relatively high in comparison to other areas of Los Angeles. There is an increase in the levels of homicides experienced in South LA from 18 in 2009, 21 in 2010, and 27 in 2011 (Street Gangs, 2014). One of the prominent features about these cases is that they occur along racial lines because the California state thrives in racial discrimination. Of the 10 cases reported in 2014, most of the victims of homicides were African-Americans. The main methods used in perpetrating these crimes include the use of guns and stabbing. The main reason for a high level of racial based homicides in South LA is that the gang members mostly belong to a particular race. The existence of such problems calls for policies that will curb the effects of drug trafficking and other hardcore crimes related to gang-related homicides. One such policy is an action that will prevent the children and the youth from joining the gangs, which ensures that the gangs fade away with time. This work explores the theoretical implementation approach of the policy by the California State Government. The youths and the children are of particular interest because the activities mostly affect them either directly or indirectly. Gang-related homicides bring along with them other issues, which are detrimental to the society. One such issue is the rise in school dropout related to the ability of gangs to attract college students who in most cases end up quitting their studies. A critical issue attached to gangs is a decline in general safety in the community. Rise in the levels of assaults, crimes and homicides perpetrated by gangs keep the community’s security at a vulnerable state. Gang activities limit freedom of

Early Childhood Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Early Childhood Education - Research Paper Example Learning a second language improves the knowledge and awareness of the child. The similarities and differences between the pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the languages would help him to understand the sounds, the words, and the rules for constructing a sentence in the most standard way. Moreover, researchers have proved that learning a new language bring several other qualities in children. It would build the foreign language comprehension and speech of children and would also improve the English verbal and listening skills. Early language study has much to do with the student’s higher performance in basic skills. New language learning also would strengthen the math and analytical skills of children. Moreover, learning foreign language would increase the exposure of the children to new cultures and different backgrounds and shall raise the self esteem of children. Learning Additional Language in Schools Coming to the case of learning languages, experts are of the opi nion that learning should start from schools and colleges. It is always not practical to teach adults as they may not have sufficient time and mentality to learn a new language. Learning a language is completely different from learning other matters. Surveys and research has come up with the conclusion that children are better learners as far as language learning is concerned. Governments (in most EU countries) are insisting to start the language class at schools and colleges so that children when they become adult citizens would be able to use it properly. Citizens who speak more than one language are really an asset to the nation. So parents and educational institutions are interested in adding a foreign... As the discussion declares learning a second language improves the knowledge and awareness of the child. The similarities and differences between the pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of the languages would help him to understand the sounds, the words, and the rules for constructing a sentence in the most standard way. Moreover, researchers have proved that learning a new language bring several other qualities in children. It would build the foreign language comprehension and speech of children and would also improve the English verbal and listening skills. Early language study has much to do with the student’s higher performance in basic skills. New language learning also would strengthen the math and analytical skills of children. Moreover, learning foreign language would increase the exposure of the children to new cultures and different backgrounds and shall raise the self esteem of children.According to the report findings  learning a language is completely differen t from learning other matters. Surveys and research has come up with the conclusion that children are better learners as far as language learning is concerned.  Language teachings can a part of the curriculum or it can be a part of extracurricular activity in the school syllabi. Learning must start from the lower class itself as it would take few years to learn a language.  Native people will have difficulty in accessing such people and may have communication problems when dealing in such areas.

Education system Essay Example for Free

Education system Essay Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment Nowadays almost every country is concerned about developing education system as it can lead to economic growth and individual prosperity. However, substantial amounts of money spent on education not always affect country successfully. Therefore the negative side like unemployment is important to consider. The key problem for many young people is that after graduation they have no possibility to find a job. Furthermore, if only high cost qualification opens doors to better job, families from poorer backgrounds can hardly improve their lives. Otherwise qualification can be powerful instrument for reducing poverty and inequality. In that case, the country must promote opportunities for people from all backgrounds. There are some places in the world, where not everyone has an opportunity to receive formal type of education. In fact, children have to help their parents in factories or do farm work. In other words, some young people can not choose learning even if they want it. It is clearly seen that nations with high standard of living always provide great circumstances to attain desirable education. It seems like the only way for poorer countries to improve their process of economic growth is to pay a lot of attention to development of education system. Moreover, they must be interested in every citizen. The authorities should be interested in every citizen ensuring equal opportunities to gain knowledge. In conclusion, learning and knowledge is a big investment in the future provided that other aspects of life are considered. National well-being is closely linked to education attainment

Why Do Cities Develop at Different Rates?

Why Do Cities Develop at Different Rates? Why do cities and regions develop at different rates and with different trajectories, and  how can planning and development policy address issues of uneven development? â€Å"Development trajectories are not straight forward for local governments to solve† (Hall and Hesse, 2013), there are many reasons why cities and regions develop at different rates and trajectories. This essay aims to explore some of the theories behind uneven development trajectories such as is the world becoming flat and time – space compression or alternatively the fact uneven development does occur with competitiveness and knowledge industry. Secondly this essay will then explain some possible planning strategies and policies that address the issues of uneven development such as land ownership, zoning and bottom up governance. Uneven development occurs across the world and there are many different reasons for different rates growth. some theorists however believe development is relatively even, Friedman (2005) describes the world as becoming flat, this is due to the technological advancements which have resulted in a globalised economy and â€Å"the development of a common global culture† (Held, 2004:88). The location of a company is no longer important; you can be successful anywhere in the world without having to move this is due to the ‘Borderless economy created by technological improvements’ (Sander, 2005). Friedman describes this by stating ‘when the world is flat you can innovate without having to emigrate’ (Friedman, 2005). Friedman’s view has been shared by other economists who describe the levelling effect on the economy to be even in many ways (Florida, 2005:48). Even though borderless economies can improve regions and cities across the world Mander and Ba rker (2002) question whether this development positively affects everyone by stating that â€Å"Economic globalisation makes things worse for poor people not better† (Mander and Baker, 2002:2). Harvey (1989) also shared similar views to Friedman through the idea of time-space compression as a cause to the flattening of the world. Time space Compression is described by Harvey as time and space forced to alter due to technological advancements and capitalism which has â€Å"sped up the pace of life† (Harvey, 1989:240). It creates â€Å"a significant acceleration of social, particularly capitalist, dynamics due to a new global communications network† (Stalder, 2006), Time-space compression simply referrers to the â€Å"Increased velocity of the circulation of goods, people and information† (Thrift and May, 2001:106). It overcomes spatial barriers and opens up new markets through high speed communication, something that Leamer (2007) explains as being an important factor to creating even development. Good communication and technologies enables good knowledge transfer and therefore no need for agglomeration resulting in development that is spread equally. Opposing the above arguments there is the argument that development occurs at uneven trajectories. Florida (2005) describes how there has been explosive growth in population numbers within cities, â€Å"now in some advanced countries three out of four people live in urban areas† (Florida, 2005:48). He explains that this has caused development across the world to be ‘spikey’ due to the world being †full of clusters where location matters, most notably in cities† (Feiock et al., 2008). Florida describes the idea of a ‘creative class’ as a reason why many people migrate to cities as increasing development is seen in these areas. Florida (2002) describes successful regions and cities as attracting the ‘creative class’, these people consist of â€Å"young, upwardly and geographically mobile professionals†. And many are often associated as being ‘bohemians’ and creative people (Stolarick and Florida, 2006), this is described by Millander et al. (2014) as a â€Å"creative milieu†. These people are attracted to the idea of community, the â€Å"attraction and retention of these individuals becomes a centrepiece of economic growth† (Feiock et al., 2008). The clustering of creative classes in cities and areas of technological advancement leaves uneven distribution of knowledge across a nation (Mellander et al., 2014) which often leads to regions having different development trajectories. Nagle (1995:14) Cited from Myrdal (1955) explains the concept of cumulative causation through a core- periphery model, this presents the â€Å"unfolding of events as a consequence of the multiplier effect† (Mayhew, 2009) Regional advantages attract investment creating a core region of development, â€Å"Skilled workers investment, new technology and developments gravitate from periphery regions to the core† (Nagle 1995:14. Demand for goods comes from the periphery areas creating the backwash effect. Finally knowledge overflow and increased demand may create growth in periphery areas; this is known as the spread effect. A Perfect example of this is the silicon valley in California, here a business cluster of innovation and knowledge has resulted in enhanced competition and clustering, creating a core development region and at the same time has periphery regions. The rate of development of a nation often refers to the nation as a whole; this is arguably out dated as â€Å"nations-states were created to meet the needs of a much earlier historical period† (Hashimoto, 2013). Due to a the borderless economy that has been created as a result of globalisation it’s now suggested that nations states should be converted to regional-states, â€Å"regional-states are natural economic zones which are drawn by the deft invisible hand of the global market† (Ohmea, 1995) High levels of innovation create clusters of technology industries forcing greater competitiveness. Porter (2008) describes the importance of competitiveness in determining development trajectories of a certain region as Competitiveness is global as well as regional. â€Å"Competiveness of a region or nation has been a primary focus for governments wishing to seek investment and create jobs† (Porter, 2008), this is due to the potential development it can attract. Porter’s ‘competitive advantage diamond model’ displays the economic benefits clustering can bring to regions through a range of factors contributing to competitiveness (porter, 1990). The model is used to analyse the competiveness through four factors, for example customer characteristics etc. (Walker, 2004:177). â€Å"Improving competitiveness is central to raising the underlying rate of growth of the economy and enhancing living standards† (Shafaeddin, 2012), this therefore suggests that regions and cities which experience more competitiveness are likely to have greater development trajectories. Huggins and Izushi (2011) explain how Porters model can be used to create a competitive advantage; it is this advantage that arguably creates different rates of development in cities and regions. Competitiveness is vital for economic growth however Prasnikar (2006:325) explains it can sometimes lead to unsustainable development and therefore companies must maintain corporate social responsibility. Huggins and Thompson (2010) development index is a way of measuring competitiveness, â€Å"competitiveness involves the upgrading and economic development of all places together, rather than the improvement of one place at the expense of another† (Huggins and Thompson, 2010:4). This can be used by governments to monitor and assess the development of regions. Development rates can differ due to the amount of inward investment a region attracts. Opposing Harvey and Friedman, globalization has arguably been a main cause of uneven development as it â€Å"has been governed in ways that are undemocratic and have been disadvantageous to developing countries† (Stigltz, 2002). It is therefore vital that correct planning and development policies are put in place to ensure cities and regions can develop as one sustainably. It’s important to note that countries promoting the best policies in addressing uneven development use a â€Å"wide range of actors, key participants and influences†¦ which are in almost all cases built upon public – private partnership† (Huggins and Izushi, 2007:118). There are several specific development policies that can be put into place in order to address issues associated with uneven development. â€Å"Good development policy is context specific† (World Bank, 2003:9), this means a policies effectiveness may vary between regions and cities and therefore policies chosen must address specific issues of the region. Globalisation has given way to multinational corporations having large amounts of power due to their size and global reach, â€Å"multinationals and governments competing for control over operations during market expansion† (Luo, 2002:73). As a result many multinationals can gain leverage over governments. As rates of development vary due to context, development should therefore be controlled regionally resulting in differing policy and development plans. The use of governments â€Å"top-down, Centralising, ‘one size fits all’† (Bradbury, 2008:132) polices contradicts the importance of context specif ic initiatives as policy are likely to prove ineffective in some regions. It is therefore suggested that bottom-up planning is introduced; this is more effective as it offers bespoke polies relevant to the characteristics of a region. Das (2005) Explains this will devolve power to regions and cities increasing democracy, as a result this should enhance conditions for sustainable development. A great example where Bottom up planning is being put into action is in England where the introduction of neighbourhood plans though the localism act of 2011 has made way for planning that is more deliverable and realistic in achieving sustainable development (Chetwyn, 2013). Land ownership within development planning is also vital for sustainable development, it’s important that correct development and planning policy is created to ensure arbitrate land use conflicts between social, economic, and spatial use are dealt with (Linchfield, 1980:8). This is specifically important in developing counties where often land rights are distributed unfairly and leave land owners sceptical as to whether or not they will be able to retain their land. By granting Land ownership this creates enterprise, motivation and promotes innovation (Lipton, 2009:2), the uncertainty of land rights can often stall development as investment is reduced which Fatas and Mihov (2009:7) described as one of 4 factors contributing to the economic development of regions. Government intervention plays an important role in the creation of successful development policies; another way of improving the rate of development across a region sustainably is to introduce taxes on land. Shirazi a nd Shah (1991:140) suggest that this will provide additional revenues to central governments allowing them to invest in infrastructure which would attract investment, â€Å"good infrastructure attracts investment by connecting firms to their customers and suppliers† (OECD, 2006:59). In Tanzania and many African nations have seen success form land ownership, it has â€Å"spurred economic growth and improved shared prosperity for the countrys population† (All Africa, 2013) The use of successful development plans is essential in addressing uneven development. There are several aspects such and bottom-up planning already discussed that can contribute to reducing uneven development. Land use zoning is another strategy that is efficient in addressing uneven development. Zoning plans are designed by the government and decide â€Å"what kind of buildings can be built and where in the community they can be built† (Euchner and McGovern, 2003:155). The use of zoning separates different land uses that could perhaps conflict such as â€Å"residential, business and industrial uses† (Soule, 2006:30). It controls new sustainable development that doesn’t affect any existing development. Zoning is able to create even development as it regulates where certain types of development can take place, this can replace previous systems where â€Å"restrictive land use policies have discouraged new companies and new job creation (Baily and Kirkegaard, 200 4:8). By using a zoning scheme â€Å"specific beneficial incentives can be offered in return for specific contributions by the developer† (Silberstein and Maser, 2000:35). This would attract investment to areas of a region as well as improving infrastructure and creating jobs, encourage the creative classes to locate to these areas resulting in more even development. The United States of America has seen â€Å"Great success of Euclidean zoning† (Soule, 2007:27), zoning can be found as the foundation of many American development plans such as Chicago. With population numbers rising and a globalising economy; development is set to increase, it therefor vital sustainable planning policies are operating. This essay has displayed some possible reasons for why cities and regions might develop at different rates though theorist such as Florida (2005) and porter (2008), they suggest that Creative classes and competitiveness create uneven development. Friedman (2005) and Harvey (1989) argue against this idea of development being ‘spikey’ and suggest due to globalisation and a borderless economy; location is not important allowing development to take place at the same rate. Planning and development policy can play an influential role in addressing uneven development as well as maintaining sustainable development. This essay has displayed several effective policy schemes such as Bottom-up governance, land rights, taxation and land use zoning that have proved effective in tackling uneven development. In conclusion uneven develop ment is occurring; it is possible to tackle uneven development though successful policy however it must be remembered that many regions develop at different rates. Many of these are located in less economically developed countries which lack effectiveness in delivering successful policy. As a result its vital that these countries have the support form supra-national bodies such as The United Nations and World Bank in order to achieve development that addresses uneven development and is sustainable for future generations. Bibliography All Africa (2013) [ONLINE] http://allafrica.com/stories/201312300059.html (Assessed 22/1/14). Bailey, M, Kirkegaard, J (2004) â€Å"Transforming the European Economy†, The Institute for International Economics. Bradbury, J (2008) â€Å"Devolution, Regionalism and Regional Development: The UK Experience†, Routledge. Chetwyn, D. (2013) â€Å"Quick guide to neighbourhood plans†, Urban Vision Enterprise CIC. Das, P, S. (2005) â€Å"Decentralized Planning and Participatory Rural Development†, Concept Publishing Company. Euchner,C, McGovern, S (2003) â€Å"Urban Policy Reconsidered: Dialogues on the Problems and Prospects of American Cities. Fatas, A, Mihov, J (2009) â€Å"The 4 I’s of Economic Growth†, INSEAD. Feiock, R, C, Moon, M, J Park, H, J (2008) â€Å"Is the world â€Å"flat† or â€Å"spiky†? Rethinking the governance implications of globalization for economic development†, Public Administration Review. Florida, R (2005) â€Å"The world in numbers: the world is spikey†, The Atlantic Monthly October Edition. Florida, R (2002) â€Å"The Rise of the Creative Class: And How Its Transforming Work, Leisure, Community, and Everyday Life†, Basic Books. Friedman T, L (2005) â€Å"The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century†, Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Hall, P, V, Hesse, M (2013) â€Å"Cities, Regions and Flows†, Routledge. Harvey Hashimoto, H (2004) â€Å"Prospects for a Regional Human Rights Mechanism in East Asia†, Routledge. Held, D (2004) â€Å"A Globalizing World?: Culture, Economics, Politics†, Routledge. Huggins, R and Izushi, H (2011) â€Å"Competition, Competitive Advantage, and Clusters: The Ideas of Michael Porter†, Oxford University Press. Huggins, R and Izushi, H (2007) â€Å"Competing for Knowledge: Creating, Connecting and Growing†, Routledge. Huggins and Thompson (2010) â€Å"UK Competitiveness Index 2010†, University of Wales Institute of Cardiff. Leamer Linchfeild, N (1980) â€Å"Settlement Planning and Development: A Strategy for Land Policy†, University of British Columbia. Lipton, M (2009) â€Å"Land Reform in Developing Countries: Property Rights and Property Wrongs†, Routledge. Luo, Y (2002) â€Å"Multinational Enterprises in Emerging Markets† Copenhagen Business School Press. Mander, J, Baker, D (2002) â€Å"Does Globalisation help the poor†, Special report, International Forum on Globalisation Mayhew, S (2009) â€Å"A Dictionary of Geography†, Oxford University Press. Mellander, C, Florida, R, Asheim, B, T, Gertler, M (2014) â€Å"The Creative Class Goes Global†, Routledge. Nagle,G (1995) â€Å"Development and Underdevelopment†, Nelson. Ohmae, K (1995) â€Å"The end of the nation state: The rise of the regional economy†, New York Free Press. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) (2006) â€Å"Policy Framework for Investment†, OECD Publishing. Porter, M, E (2008) â€Å"On Competition†, Harvard Business School Publishing. Porter, M, E (1990) â€Å"The Competitive Advantage of Nations†, MacMillan. Prasnikar, J (2006) â€Å"Competitiveness, Social Responsibility and Economic Growth†, Nova Science Publishers. Silberstein, J, Maser, C (2000) â€Å"Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Development†, CRC Press. Shirazi, J Shah, A (1991) â€Å"Tax Policy in Developing Countries†, The World Bank, Vol 19. Soule, D (2007) â€Å"Remaking American Communities: A Reference Guide to Urban Sprawl† Greenwood Press. Soule, D (2006) â€Å"Urban Sprawl: A Comprehensive Reference Guide†, Greenwood Press. Sander Shafaeddin, M (2012) â€Å"Competitiveness and Development: Myth and Realities†, Anthem Press. Stalder, F (2006) â€Å"Manuel Castells: The Theory of the Network Society†, Polity press. Stiglitz, J, E (2002) â€Å"Globalisms Discontents†, American Prospect. Stolarick, K, Florida, R (2006) †Creativity connections and innovation a study of linkages in the Montreal region†, Environment and planning, Vol 38 pp 1799-1817. Thrift, N May, J (2001) â€Å"Timespace: Geographies of Temporality†, Routledge. World Bank (2004) †2003 Annual Review of Development Effectiveness: The Effectiveness of Bank support for policy reform†, World Bank Operations Evaluation Department.

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Homers Iliad :: Iliad essays

Fate and Destiny in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad portrays fate and destiny as a supreme and ultimate force that is decided by each man’s actions and decisions. A man’s fate lies in the consequences of his actions and decisions. A man indirectly controls his destiny by his actions and decisions. One action or decision has a consequence that leads to another action or decision. A man is born with a web of many predetermined fates and one or more destinies. A man’s decisions control which course of fate he takes so that he indirectly controls his destiny.Since all mortals die, destiny is what you have done with the fates you have been dealt, and where you have taken your life. Eventually, a man’s whole life may be traced to his very first action or decision. By stating someone’s fate as determined by their actions or decisions, fate is unbreakable, what has been done will control the present, and ultimately the future. The present is controlled by the past so that no one may escape their p ast decisions or actions. The underlying concept of fate is that all man are not born equal, so that fate is the limitations or abilities placed upon him. In The Iliad the god’s fate is controlled much in the same way as a mortal’s, except for one major difference, the immortals cannot die and therefore do not have a destiny. An immortal’s life may not be judged because they haven’t and won’t die. The gods are able to manipulate mortals fate but not their own directly. A god may inspire a mortal to do or create something that might indirectly affect the god’s fate. This reinforces the concept that no one may escape his or her actions or decisions. In The Iliad, the concept that all mortals share the same destiny, that is that everyone dies, introduces the values of honor and courage, and other principles of what is right and what is wrong. Courage is demonstrated unselfishness and the desire to do what is right no matter what the cost. Since all men die a man who is willing to sacrifice himself for what he believes is right shows supreme faith and moral character as well as the admirable trait of putting something else above their own life. Bravery or courage isn’t necessarily aggressiveness or rage; for instance, all of Achilles actions are referred to in the beginning as "the rage of Achilles".

Evolution is Not Just a Theory :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Evolution is Not Just a Theory      Ã‚   Evolution is a fact in that scientists know beyond reasonable doubt that it happened. The exact mechanism of evolution -- that is, exactly how it happened -- is still a theory.    Evolution is both a fact and a theory. Mainstream scientists consider it a fact that evolution occurred; how it occurred is still considered a theory. Stephen J. Gould describes this difference best: "In the American vernacular, 'theory' often means 'imperfect fact' -- part of a hierarchy of confidence running downhill from fact to theory to hypothesis to guess. Thus the power of the creationist argument: evolution is 'only' a theory and intense debate now rages about many aspects of the theory. If evolution is worse than a fact, and scientists can't even make up their minds about the theory, then what confidence can we have in it? Indeed, President Reagan echoed this argument before an evangelical group in Dallas when he said (in what I devoutly hope was campaign rhetoric): 'Well, it is a theory. It is a scientific theory only, and it has in recent years been challenged in the world of science -- that is, not believed in the scientific community to be as infallible as it once was.'    "Well evolution is a theory. It is also a fact. And facts and theories are different things, not rungs in a hierarchy of increasing certainty. Facts are the world's data. Theories are structures of ideas that explain and interpret facts. Facts don't go away when scientists debate rival theories to explain them. Einstein's theory of gravitation replaced Newton's in this century, but apples didn't suspend themselves in midair, pending the outcome. And humans evolved from ape-like ancestors whether they did so by Darwin's proposed mechanism or by some other yet to be discovered.    "Moreover, 'fact' doesn't mean 'absolute certainty'; there ain't no such animal in an exciting and complex world. The final proofs of logic and mathematics flow deductively from stated premises and achieve certainty only because they are NOT about the empirical world. Evolutionists make no claim for perpetual truth, though creationists often do (and then attack us falsely for a style of argument that they themselves favor). In science 'fact' can only mean 'confirmed to such a degree that it would be perverse to withhold provisional consent'. I suppose that apples might start to rise tomorrow, but the possibility does not merit equal time in physics classrooms.

Indian Army Essay

India has one of the best armies in the world. The Indian Army came in existence with independence and has inherited most of the infrastructure of the British Indian Army. In whichever war they have been presented, victory was always theirs. Apart from conflicts, the army has also been an active participant in the United Nations Peacekeeping missions. The British army was a critical force for the dominance of the British Empire, both in India and across the world. In World War I and II, the Indian Army has served. They have fought in Europe, Africa and the Middle East and won glory for the British Empire. They have served in France and many other countries too. The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure the national security and defence of India from the external threats and aggression and maintaining peace and security within its borders. They also conduct rescue operations during natural calamities and other destructions. The army also includes the Indian Air force and the Indian Navy. Since the freedom of India and the formation of Pakistan, the first war was in 1947 itself for the state of Kashmir. From then on there have been several wars that the Indian Army has faced like the Sino-Indian War in 1962, The Indo- Pakistan war in 1965 and again the Indo-Pakistan war in 1971, later Kargil war in 1999 and have returned all with victory. Apart from these wars, they have also been active participants in peace and assistance missions like during the Korean war, the Indian Army was sent to Korea for peace keep and medical assistance in 1953, they were there for the Liberation of Goa in 1961, they have also undertaken numerous Un peace keeping missions. For our Indian soldiers to be well organized, and alert they do follow certain principals in life and the qualities that they follow is what makes them stand apart from the rest of the world in many ways. The main qualities that they posses and cling on till the end are: Firstly Discipline – The Indian Army is well disciplined and trained on a regular basis. Second is the love and respect they build for their country that no conditions could break it. The next is the Do or Die situation. The courage they have cannot be measured in any aspects as they are very much willing to die for their nation. The passion for their nation is something that we as citizens of India should look up and learn. The Indian Army is the most powerful army and they have no failures recorded. With more equipment’s and proper training, India could be more proud of her Jawans in the coming years and we should respect and honour the soldiers who guard us day and night, sacrificing their pleasures for the safety of the nation. India has one of the finest armies in the world. Our soldiers have proved their mettle in all theatres of wars since prehistoric times, hi recent times our soldiers were sent to the Congo, Suez, Indo-China and Korea on missions of peace. During the last two World Wars our soldiers fought in Europe, Africa and the Middle East and won laurels for the British Empire. Our soldiers served in France and other countries also. They helped to bring Hitler and his armies to their knees. Wherever they were sent, victory was theirs. It goes to the credit of the Indian Anny that the first Victoria Cross went to the credit of an Indian soldier. Our soldiers have never surrendered. Their motto has always been â€Å"do or die†. In the India-China war of October-November 1962 and later in the Indo-Pak war of September, 1965 one Indian soldier killed many times his enemy counterparts on various fronts. If India retreated in the India-China war it was not for want of courage but for want of adequate weapons which the Chinese had and we did not. hi fact our soldiers were not even adequately clothed. As an American paper said, our soldiers were fighting on icy tops of the mountains in summer uniforms. If we had fought for the British so heroically, we could certainly fight for defending our freedom. But we have to train our army for the purpose. We are not only short of weapons but also short of trained officers to lead the armies. We will have to fill all the gaps as rapidly as possible. It is a hazardous task to give rapid promotion to junior officers but we are sure they will justify the confidence of the nation placed in them. The Indian Army has three wings-land forces, navy and air force. The Chiefs of the three forces are directly under the President of India, who is the Supreme Commander of our armed forces. The three wings of the Indian Army need to be strengthened. It is a pity that some of the leaders of our country failed to foresee the Chinese threat and slowed down defense production. The India-China war has served a useful purpose. With the aid of  friendly nations we will soon make up the loss. Let every Indian soldier remember the inspiring message of one of the ablest leaders of India, Sardar Patel:- â€Å"The deeds of gallantry you performed in the two Great wars adorn the pages of world history. Even the enemy recognised your merit in war. You proved yourself first-class soldiers, inferior to none in the world. But then you fought for others. Now you have to fight for your own country, your beloved India. â€Å"You should prepare yourself for the responsibility which will continue to increase. We have won the freedom. It is for you to guard it. You have to make an all-round effort to maintain and consolidate it. Let the discharge of your duties be your privilege. You will enhance the reputation of your country and the country will be proud of you.†